What role does DNA play in heredity?

DNA plays a crucial role in heredity as it carries the genetic information that is transmitted from parents to their offspring. This genetic information is encoded in the sequence of nucleotides in the DNA molecule, which ultimately dictates the traits and characteristics inherited by the next generation. Through the processes of replication and cell division, DNA ensures that this information is preserved and passed on, allowing for the continuity of genetic traits through generations.

The correct answer emphasizes the fundamental mechanism of heredity, where specific genes within the DNA sequence are responsible for a wide variety of traits, including physical, behavioral, and biochemical characteristics. This transmission of genetic material from one generation to the next is essential for the evolutionary process and the diversity seen in biological organisms.

Other options do not accurately describe the primary function of DNA in heredity. Energy storage, protection from mutations, or development of traits alone do not encompass the comprehensive role of DNA in the genetic inheritance process. Instead, these aspects fall under different biological functions that are not representative of DNA’s specific function in heredity.