What role does phloem play in plants?

Phloem is a vital component of the vascular system in plants, primarily responsible for the transport of organic nutrients, particularly the sugars produced during photosynthesis. This function is crucial for delivering energy and carbon compounds to different parts of the plant, including growing tissues, roots, and developing fruits and seeds. By facilitating the movement of these nutrients, phloem supports the plant's growth, development, and overall metabolic functions.

While other options relate to important plant processes, they do not accurately describe the primary role of phloem. Water and mineral transport is carried out by xylem, not phloem. Although photosynthesis occurs in chloroplasts, it is a process rather than a transport function of phloem. The storage of genetic information is managed by the plant's DNA and cellular structure, again separate from the role of phloem. Thus, the correct answer reflects the specific function of phloem in nutrient distribution within the plant.