Which of the following represents the three states of matter?

The correct representation of the three fundamental states of matter is solid, liquid, and gas. This classification is based on their distinct physical properties and behavior under varying temperature and pressure conditions.

Solids have a definite shape and volume due to closely packed particles that vibrate in place. Liquids have a definite volume but take the shape of their container because their particles are less tightly packed and can move past one another. Gases have neither a fixed volume nor shape; they expand to fill the available space because their particles are far apart and move freely.

In contrast, the other options introduce terms that do not accurately list the three primary states of matter. Plasma, while a significant state of matter found in stars, including the sun, is not one of the three basic states typically taught in introductory science. Vapor is often considered a phase of a substance that is in the gaseous state at temperatures below its boiling point, and while it relates to liquid-gas transitions, it does not represent a distinct state of matter. Additionally, the term "vapor" does not encompass solid or gas and therefore does not fit the definition needed for the primary states of matter.